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"In smooth, economical prose, [Mosier] incorporates a number of thought-provoking insights and hypotheses . . . This is a stimulating overview of a war machine." ―Publishers Weekly
World War I has inspired a vast mythology of bravery and carnage that has fascinated readers for decades. Now acclaimed military historian John Mosier demystifies the strategic and tactical aspects to explain that, contrary to the standard military history accounts, Germany's military culture provided them with the advantage. Their war machine succeeded against more powerful Allied armies until, in both wars, it was crushed by U.S. intervention. Through simliarly stunning revelations, Mosier forces a reevaluation of the reasons behind the French withdrawal, the Russian contribution, and Hitler as a military thinker.
The result of thirty years of research, Cross of Iron is a powerful, riveting, and authoritative recasting of the legends of modern European warfare.
- Sales Rank: #1549353 in Books
- Published on: 2007-05-29
- Released on: 2007-05-29
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.50" h x .75" w x 5.50" l, .61 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 336 pages
From Publishers Weekly
Mosier is a professor of English who has developed a second career writing on the world wars (The Blitzkreig Myth). Here he credits the German army's operational effectiveness in two world wars to leadership, doctrine and, above all, institutional memory. The Germans addressed many of modern warfare's fundamental problems in WWI. They built on their experience during the years between the wars, integrating new technologies as they emerged. Quickness of reaction and speed of execution in a framework of combined arms tactics gave the Wehrmacht temporary mastery of Europe in 1939–1942. Though the overall thesis is less original than Mosier recognizes, he presents it in smooth, economical prose, incorporating a number of thought provoking insights and hypotheses. He challenges the familiar allegation that the Wehrmacht neglected logistics and, conversely, demonstrates that German technological superiority is a myth. He credits Hitler's "evil genius" with providing the political and strategic insight that structured Germany's victories until his audacity devolved into randomness. Mosier pitilessly establishes the Wehrmacht's comprehensive complicity in the Third Reich's crimes, but is better at describing than explaining it. Within its limits, this is a stimulating overview of a war machine incorporating both outstanding capacities and tragic flaws. (June 6)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
From Booklist
Mosier is a literature professor and film critic who has dedicated much of his career to analyzing the military history of World Wars I and II. His books, The Myth of the Great War (2001) and The Blitzkrieg Myth (2003), challenged conventional assessments of German technological and tactical success in those wars. Targeting the mythology surrounding the Wehrmacht and the officer class, Mosier now continues the myth busting even as it strays into a historical minefield or two. Locating the effectiveness of the German army in its "institutional memory"--its ability to quickly adapt to new technology and, particularly, learn from tactical mistakes made in World War I--Mosier advances what is essentially an information-science approach to military history. Combined with Mosier's willingness to boldly charge down prevailing assumptions, this approach to the tactical side of World War II is both a provocative argument and a lively read. Mosier occasionally gets into trouble, however, with secondary incursions into profound questions, such as whether the Nuremberg trials achieved justice; by casually weighing in on such matters, Mosier threatens to discredit his more central thesis. At least as controversial as his earlier works, this book will further cement Mosier's position among military historians. Brendan Driscoll
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved
Review
“Cross of Iron is an important, superbly researched reappraisal of the fabled Wehrmacht in both world wars. From the battlefields of France during World War I, through history's most devastating war, John Mosier shatters a long-held mythology about the German Army, and reveals how its officers permitted one of the world's greatest armies to lose its honor and become the willing tool of Adolf Hitler. Those who believe that we have learned everything there is to know about World War II will view the legendary German war machine and its history in an entirely new light after reading this provocative book.” ―Carlo D'Este, author of Eisenhower: A Soldier's Life and Patton: A Genius For War
“This is a book that will confound almost everyone's assumptions about both world wars. The squawks will be loudest in London, Paris and Moscow. It also explains how and why the German army consistently outfought its enemies--and ultimately lost.” ―Thomas Fleming, author of The Illusion of Victory: America in World War I
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A Curious Argument
By Arvad
This book gives an excellent overview of the German military from the end of World War One to the end of the second world war.
As such it is an excellent addition to other books of this genre.
The author however takes this history one step further than any of the others and argues that, given the special circumstances that existed between the military and the people of Germany, the military leadership had a moral, social and therefore legal responsibility to stage a coup d'état against the National Socialist government as soon as the Nazis had come to power in the early 1930s or at least by 1937/1938.
By implication it follows that any military having close social, cultural and ethical ties with a nations people has an equal responsibility to move against a government that is at odds with the people.
This author has written a series of very readable and interesting histories. Occasionally he makes a mistake (and some of them are howlers), but overall a person interested in the war history of the twentieth century could easily do worse than read his books.
35 of 39 people found the following review helpful.
Debunking myths about German military culture
By Amazon Customer
Mosier's book is an analysis of German military power from World War I, through the interwar years, to the end of World War Two. The study combines psychology, cultural studies, and military history to arrive at fresh and novel conclusions regarding the Wermacht, and Mosier will stir up debate on the issues he explores.
Mosier attributes Germany's military successes at the outset of World War Two to a proficient, highly trained officer corps that could integrate the new combined arms warfare into its tactics - as well as successes due to the sheer ruthlessness of Hitler's strategies against conflict-averse opponents. More specifically, the superiority of the Wehrmacht was due to its institutional memory. In World War I it had mastered many of the problems of modern warfare. The advantage came not only through superior training, and certainly not of superiority of equipment - it was a conceptual advantage, that of speed and integration of tactical forces.
The Wermacht also had severe limitations. Mosier is most interesting in his descriptions of how the Nazi ideology severely limited the German ability to wage war - for instance its struggles to create the modern equipment of warfare (for which the Germans were woefully deficient in many respects) -- the infighting of the Nazi leadership led to fiefdoms preventing real insights to develop strategic bombing forces or ground armor that could match the Allied weaponry. German design tended to be over-engineered, mechanically unreliable, and underpowered.
Mosier sees Hitler as a much cannier strategic actor than other historians, essentially agreeing with the logic of such gambles as the Ardennes offensive. Hitler's success, Mosier argues, came from the lack of firmness of his opponents early in the war; as the war progressed though his opponents became more and more willing to absorb casualties in order to defeat the Wermacht. The book is a fascinating cultural and psychological study of Germany's army, shrewdly argued, and likely to be quite influential.
26 of 31 people found the following review helpful.
Five stars for enlightening me
By Thomas Johannessen
In "Cross of Iron", John Mosier essentially continues where he left in "Blitzkrieg Myth", except that we get a continuous story about the German Armed Forces from 1918 to 1945 in addition to a deeper explanation of why much of what is written about it and its methods in WWII is partly distorted from reality. WWII is a big subject, with the Wehrmacht as one of the very most central components. As concluded in his last book, the training and institutional memory were key factors in the Wehrmacht's successes on the European battlefields. In this book he elaborates extensively on this subject, drawing to attention several issues like:
* The selection process of the Weimar Republics officers, and how this 100 000 man army consisted mostly of officers and NCO's.
* The training of Germany's officers, and its military education
* Jewish officers in the Wehrmacht
* Psychology in the general staff and among senior officers. Mosier's elaborations and conclusions here are interesting and it seems like he has hit another issue right on spot.
More to do with Germany's arms industry, he further discusses its ridiculous wartime production, although increased sharply under Albert Speer's governance, was still lagging far behind its enemies'.
A chapter about the personalities and planes of the Luftwaffe gives a deeper understanding of why Germany chose the air strategy that it did, and partly why it was simply unable to design good enough airplanes during the war. Some of these explanations also applies to other products of war, such as tanks. "Paper Tigers: Hitler's Tanks" is a chapter with quite a self explaining title. Yet again, our (created) illusions about Germany's armored and mechanized capabilites are thoroughly broken down.
Mosier also gives his views on Hitler, the Nurnberg process and an important chapter about criminal acts done by the Wehrmacht, some of which are fairly well known already.
Personally, I conclude that if most of what John Mosier claims is correct, there is a lot of bollocks out there in the form of so called 'serious' historical works. More than anything this book serves as a reminder and teacher that we should all be a lot more critical of what we read. If Mosier should turn out to be a fake, then it would just serve as a double reminder, but I seriously doubt it. After having read a lot about the Wehrmacht, its battlefield performance and general history of WWII in ten years time, just too many questions and inconsistencies have popped up. Many of them are finally answered after reading John Mosier's two last books. I intend to get my hands on "The Myth of the Great War", ending the trilogy with his first book, since I suspect them all to be strongly linked. I have a sense of relief after reading these two books. Relief because I feel that someone has finally told a more truthful truth about a very interesting subject. I could not avoid plunging into all of Mosier's notes, which are gathered before the index this time. This requires reading with three hands, a maneuver at which I have become quite adept.
The final sentence in "Cross of Iron" is a strong one and in itself triggers a thought process that readers will carry with them long after closing this book.
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